Jsoupを使用したJavaでのウェブスクレイピング：ステップガイド

java -version

java version "17.0.5" 2022-10-18 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 17.0.5+9-LTS-191)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.5+9-LTS-191, mixed mode, sharing)

mvn -v

Apache Maven 3.8.6 (84538c9988a25aec085021c365c560670ad80f63)
Maven home: C:Mavenapache-maven-3.8.6
Java version: 17.0.5, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: C:Program FilesJavajdk-17.0.5
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: Cp1252
OS name: "windows 11", version: "10.0", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

gradle -v

------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 7.5.1
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2022-08-05 21:17:56 UTC
Revision:     d1daa0cbf1a0103000b71484e1dbfe096e095918

Kotlin:       1.6.21
Groovy:       3.0.10
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.10.11 compiled on July 10 2021
JVM:          17.0.5 (Oracle Corporation 17.0.5+9-LTS-191)
OS:           Windows 11 10.0 amd64

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
    <version>1.15.3</version>
</dependency>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.brightdata</groupId>
    <artifactId>web-scraper-jsoup</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
            <version>1.15.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

implementation "org.jsoup:jsoup:1.15.3"

import org.jsoup.*;

// downloading the target website with an HTTP GET request
Document doc = Jsoup.connect("https://quotes.toscrape.com/").get();

Document doc = Jsoup
        .connect("https://quotes.toscrape.com/")
        .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
        .get();

package com.brightdata;

import org.jsoup.*;
import org.jsoup.nodes.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // downloading the target website with an HTTP GET request
        Document doc = Jsoup
                .connect("https://quotes.toscrape.com/")
                .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
                .get();
    }
}

// selecting all <div> HTML elements
Elements divs = doc.getElementsByTag("div");

// getting the ".quote" HTML element
Elements quotes = doc.getElementsByClass("quote");

// getting the "#quote-1" HTML element
Element div = doc.getElementById("quote-1");

// selecting all HTML elements that have the "value" attribute
Elements htmlElements = doc.getElementsByAttribute("value");

// selecting all HTML elements that contain the word "for"
Elements htmlElements = doc.getElementsContainingText("for");

// selecting all quote HTML elements
Elements quoteElements = doc.getElementsByClass(".quote");

for (Element quoteElement: quoteElements) {
    Element text = quoteElement.select(".text").first();
    Element author = quoteElement.select(".author").first();
    Elements tags = quoteElement.select(".tag");
}

package com.brightdata;

package com.brightdata;

public class Quote {
    private String text;
    private String author;
    private String tags;

    public String getText() {
        return text;
    }

    public void setText(String text) {
        this.text = text;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getTags() {
        return tags;
    }

    public void setTags(String tags) {
        this.tags = tags;
    }
}

// initializing the list of Quote data objects
// that will contain the scraped data
List<Quote> quotes = new ArrayList<>();

// retrieving the list of product HTML elements
// selecting all quote HTML elements
Elements quoteElements = doc.select(".quote");

// iterating over the quoteElements list of HTML quotes
for (Element quoteElement : quoteElements) {
    // initializing a quote data object
    Quote quote = new Quote();

    // extracting the text of the quote and removing the
    // special characters
    String text = quoteElement.select(".text").first().text()
        .replace("“", "")
        .replace("”", "");
    String author = quoteElement.select(".author").first().text();

    // initializing the list of tags
    List<String> tags = new ArrayList<>();

    // iterating over the list of tags
    for (Element tag : quoteElement.select(".tag")) {
        // adding the tag string to the list of tags
        tags.add(tag.text());
    }

    // storing the scraped data in the Quote object
    quote.setText(text);
    quote.setAuthor(author);
    quote.setTags(String.join(", ", tags)); // merging the tags into a "A, B, ..., Z" string

    // adding the Quote object to the list of the scraped quotes
    quotes.add(quote);
}

// the URL of the target website's home page
String baseUrl = "https://quotes.toscrape.com";

// initializing the list of Quote data objects
// that will contain the scraped data
List<Quote> quotes = new ArrayList<>();

// retrieving the home page...

// looking for the "Next →" HTML element
Elements nextElements = doc.select(".next");

// if there is a next page to scrape
while (!nextElements.isEmpty()) {
    // getting the "Next →" HTML element
    Element nextElement = nextElements.first();

    // extracting the relative URL of the next page
    String relativeUrl = nextElement.getElementsByTag("a").first().attr("href");

    // building the complete URL of the next page
    String completeUrl = baseUrl + relativeUrl;

    // connecting to the next page
    doc = Jsoup
            .connect(completeUrl)
            .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
            .get();

    // scraping logic...

    // looking for the "Next →" HTML element in the new page
    nextElements = doc.select(".next");
}

// initializing the output CSV file
File csvFile = new File("output.csv");

// using the try-with-resources to handle the
// release of the unused resources when the writing process ends
try (PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(csvFile)) {
    // iterating over all quotes
    for (Quote quote : quotes) {
        // converting the quote data into a
        // list of strings
        List<String> row = new ArrayList<>();

        // wrapping each field with between quotes
        // to make the CSV file more consistent
        row.add(""" + quote.getText() + """);
        row.add(""" +quote.getAuthor() + """);
        row.add(""" +quote.getTags() + """);

        // printing a CSV line
        printWriter.println(String.join(",", row));
    }
}

package com.brightdata;

import org.jsoup.*;
import org.jsoup.nodes.*;
import org.jsoup.select.Elements;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // the URL of the target website's home page
        String baseUrl = "https://quotes.toscrape.com";

        // initializing the list of Quote data objects
        // that will contain the scraped data
        List<Quote> quotes = new ArrayList<>();

        // downloading the target website with an HTTP GET request
        Document doc = Jsoup
                .connect(baseUrl)
                .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
                .get();

        // looking for the "Next →" HTML element
        Elements nextElements = doc.select(".next");

        // if there is a next page to scrape
        while (!nextElements.isEmpty()) {
            // getting the "Next →" HTML element
            Element nextElement = nextElements.first();

            // extracting the relative URL of the next page
            String relativeUrl = nextElement.getElementsByTag("a").first().attr("href");

            // building the complete URL of the next page
            String completeUrl = baseUrl + relativeUrl;

            // connecting to the next page
            doc = Jsoup
                    .connect(completeUrl)
                    .userAgent("Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
                    .get();

            // retrieving the list of product HTML elements
            // selecting all quote HTML elements
            Elements quoteElements = doc.select(".quote");

            // iterating over the quoteElements list of HTML quotes
            for (Element quoteElement : quoteElements) {
                // initializing a quote data object
                Quote quote = new Quote();

                // extracting the text of the quote and removing the
                // special characters
                String text = quoteElement.select(".text").first().text();
                String author = quoteElement.select(".author").first().text();

                // initializing the list of tags
                List<String> tags = new ArrayList<>();

                // iterating over the list of tags
                for (Element tag : quoteElement.select(".tag")) {
                    // adding the tag string to the list of tags
                    tags.add(tag.text());
                }

                // storing the scraped data in the Quote object
                quote.setText(text);
                quote.setAuthor(author);
                quote.setTags(String.join(", ", tags)); // merging the tags into a "A; B; ...; Z" string

                // adding the Quote object to the list of the scraped quotes
                quotes.add(quote);
            }

            // looking for the "Next →" HTML element in the new page
            nextElements = doc.select(".next");
        }

        // initializing the output CSV file
        File csvFile = new File("output.csv");
        // using the try-with-resources to handle the
        // release of the unused resources when the writing process ends
        try (PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(csvFile, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
            // to handle BOM
            printWriter.write('ufeff');

            // iterating over all quotes
            for (Quote quote : quotes) {
                // converting the quote data into a
                // list of strings
                List<String> row = new ArrayList<>();

                // wrapping each field with between quotes
                // to make the CSV file more consistent
                row.add(""" + quote.getText() + """);
                row.add(""" +quote.getAuthor() + """);
                row.add(""" +quote.getTags() + """);

                // printing a CSV line
                printWriter.println(String.join(",", row));
            }
        }
    }
}